#Democratic politics definition professional#

This notion found its way into the founding documents of western states: Liberals, like Locke, argued that the legitimacy of any government came from the consent of those that they governed. They sought to combat the entrenched hierarchy in society that protected hereditary privileges of the few at the expense of the majority. Key proponents of Liberalism included John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Enlightenment philosophers challenged the hierarchical structure of western societies and argued that all humans were capable of rationale thought and that the Hobbesian state was not the natural state of society. This view began to be challenged with the Age of Enlightenment in the 18th century. For Hobbes, this leviathan required the submission of their subjects because if it werenвЂ™t for their position and power, their subjects would be living pitiful lives in an anarchical world. Therefore, Hobbes argued that there had to be a strong leader (a Leviathan) in order to bring stability. In this Hobbesian state, life would be вЂњsolitary, poor, nasty, brutish and shortвЂќ. Hobbes believed that the fundamental state of nature was one of anarchy in which the dominant force would be that of violence. The most famous of these is Thomas Hobbes who in 1651 published the book Leviathan. Some philosophers argued that this was the only reasonable way that society could be run. Instead, Europe was ruled by the nobility, with Kings and Emperors usually chosen through a system of primogeniture. In Western Europe, democracy did not exist in any form before the 18th century. Indeed, by 300BC democracy had died in Athens itself. However, democracy in its Athenian form did not spread across the known world. Our online platform, Wiley Online Library () is one of the worldвЂ™s most extensive multidisciplinary collections of online resources, covering life, health, social and physical sciences, and humanities.Hobbes highlighted the positive benefits of a Leviathan. With a growing open access offering, Wiley is committed to the widest possible dissemination of and access to the content we publish and supports all sustainable models of access. Wiley has partnerships with many of the worldвЂ™s leading societies and publishes over 1,500 peer-reviewed journals and 1,500+ new books annually in print and online, as well as databases, major reference works and laboratory protocols in STMS subjects. Wiley has published the works of more than 450 Nobel laureates in all categories: Literature, Economics, Physiology or Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, and Peace. has been a valued source of information and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations.

#Democratic politics definition professional#

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